Ngokusho kweWorld Steel Association, ukukhiqizwa kwensimbi engahluziwe emhlabeni wonke ngo-2021 bekungamathani ayizigidi eziyizinkulungwane eziyi-1.952, okukhuphuke ngamaphesenti angama-3.8 kunonyaka owedlule.Phakathi kwazo, ukukhishwa kwensimbi yokuguqula umoya-mpilo bekuyisicaba ngamathani ayizigidi eziyizinkulungwane eziyi-1.381, kanti okukhipha insimbi yesithando somlilo kagesi kukhuphuke ngo-14.4% kuya kumathani ayizigidi ezingama-563.Ngokwezibalo, ukukhiqizwa kwensimbi engahluziwe yaseChina ngo-2021 kwehle ngo-3% unyaka nonyaka kuya kumathani ayizigidi eziyizinkulungwane eziyi-1.033;Ngokuphambene, ukukhiqizwa kwensimbi engahluziwe emazweni angama-27 e-EU kwenyuke ngo-15.4% kuya kumathani ayizigidi eziyi-152.575;Ukukhiqizwa kwensimbi engahluziwe yaseJapan kwenyuka ngo-15.8% unyaka nonyaka kuya kumathani ayizigidi ezingama-85.791;Ukukhiqizwa kwensimbi engahluziwe e-United States kwenyuke ngo-18% unyaka nonyaka kuya kumathani ayizigidi ezingama-85.791, kanti ukukhiqizwa kwensimbi engahluziwe eRussia kwenyuke ngo-5% unyaka nonyaka kwafinyelela kumathani ayizigidi ezingama-76.894.Ukukhiqizwa kwensimbi engahluziwe kweNingizimu Korea kwenyuka ngo-5% unyaka nonyaka kuya kumathani ayizigidi ezingama-70.418;Ukukhiqizwa kwensimbi engahluziwe eTurkey kwenyuke ngo-12.7% unyaka nonyaka kwafinyelela kumathani ayizigidi ezingama-40.36.Ukukhiqizwa kweCanada kukhuphuke ngo-18.1% unyaka nonyaka kuya kumathani ayizigidi eziyi-12.976.

01 Ukusetshenziswa kwe-Scrap

Ngokwezibalo ze-International Bureau of Recycling, ngo-2021, ukusetshenziswa kwe-scrap yase-China kwehle ngo-2.8% unyaka nonyaka kuya kumathani ayizigidi ezingu-226.21, futhi i-China isengumthengi omkhulu kunabo bonke emhlabeni.Isilinganiso sokusetshenziswa kwe-scrap yase-China nokukhiqizwa kwensimbi engahluziwe sikhuphuke ngamaphesenti angu-1.2 safinyelela ku-21.9% kusukela ngonyaka odlule.

Ngo-2021, ukusetshenziswa kwezinsimbi ezilahliwe emazweni angama-27 e-EU kuzokwenyuka ngo-16.7% unyaka nonyaka kuye kumathani ayizigidi ezingama-878.53, kanti ukukhiqizwa kwensimbi engahluziwe endaweni ephambene kuzokwenyuka ngo-15.4%, kanti isilinganiso sokusetshenziswa kwensimbi engalahlwa ekukhiqizeni insimbi engahluziwe. e-EU izokhuphukela ku-57.6%.E-United States, ukusetshenziswa kwe-scrap kukhuphuke ngo-18.3% unyaka nonyaka kwafinyelela kumathani ayizigidi ezingama-59.4, kanti isilinganiso sokusetshenziswa kwe-scrap ekukhiqizeni insimbi engahluziwe sikhuphuke safinyelela ku-69.2%, kanti ukukhiqizwa kwensimbi engahluziwe kwenyuke ngo-18% unyaka nonyaka.Ukusetshenziswa kwensimbi ye-Scrap eTurkey kukhuphuke ngamaphesenti angu-15.7 unyaka nonyaka kuya kumathani ayizigidi ezingu-34.813, kuyilapho ukukhiqizwa kwensimbi engahluziwe kukhuphuke ngamaphesenti angu-12.7, okwandisa isilinganiso sokusetshenziswa kwensimbi ensimbi ekukhiqizeni insimbi engahluziwe kuya kumaphesenti angu-86.1.Ngo-2021, ukusetshenziswa kwe-scrap eJapane kukhuphuke ngo-19% unyaka nonyaka kwafinyelela kumathani ayizigidi ezingu-34.727, kuyilapho ukukhiqizwa kwensimbi engahluziwe kwehle ngo-15.8% unyaka nonyaka, kanti ingxenye ye-scrap esetshenziswa ekukhiqizeni insimbi engahluziwe ikhuphuke yafinyelela ku-40.5%.Ukusetshenziswa kwezinsalela zaseRussia kunyuke ngo-7% kuye kwafinyelela kumathani ayizigidi ezingu-32.138, kuyilapho ukukhiqizwa kwensimbi engahluziwe kukhuphuke ngo-5% futhi isilinganiso sokusetshenziswa kwe-scrap ekukhiqizeni insimbi engahluziwe sikhuphuke safinyelela ku-41.8%.Ukusetshenziswa kwezinsalela zaseNingizimu Korea kwehle ngamaphesenti angu-9.5 unyaka nonyaka kwafinyelela kumathani ayizigidi ezingu-28.296, kuyilapho ukukhiqizwa kwensimbi engahluziwe kukhuphuke ngamaphesenti angu-5 kuphela kanti isilinganiso sokusetshenziswa kwe-scrap ekukhiqizeni insimbi engahluziwe sikhuphuke safinyelela kumaphesenti angu-40.1.

Ngo-2021, ukusetshenziswa kwezinsimbi ezilahliwe emazweni ayisikhombisa amakhulu nasezifundeni kwafinyelela amathani ayizigidi ezingama-503, okukhuphuke ngamaphesenti ayi-8 unyaka nonyaka.

Ngenisa isimo sensimbi eyizinsimbi

I-Turkey iyizwe elikhulu kunawo wonke emhlabeni elingenisa izinsimbi ezilahliwe.Ngo-2021, ukuthengwa kwensimbi yaseTurkey phesheya kwezilwandle kukhuphuke ngamaphesenti ayi-11.4 unyaka nonyaka kwafinyelela kumathani ayizigidi ezingama-24.992.Ukuthengiswa okuvela e-United States kwehle ngamaphesenti angu-13.7 ngonyaka kuya kumathani ayizigidi ezingu-3.768, ukuthengiswa okuvela eNetherlands kwenyuka ngamaphesenti angu-1.9 ngonyaka kuya kumathani ayizigidi ezingu-3.214, ukuthengiswa okuvela e-United Kingdom kwenyuka ngamaphesenti angu-1.4 kuya kumathani ayizigidi ezingu-2.337, futhi ukungenisa okuvela eRussia kwehle ngo-13.6 amaphesenti angu-2.031 amathani.
Ngo-2021, ukuthengwa kwezimpahla ezilahliwe emazweni angama-27 e-EU kukhuphuke ngo-31.1% unyaka nonyaka kwafinyelela kumathani ayizigidi ezi-5.367, abahlinzeki abakhulu esifundeni kube yi-United Kingdom (enyuka ngo-26.8% unyaka nonyaka yafinyelela kumathani ayizigidi eziyi-1.633), eSwitzerland (ekhuphuke ngo-1.9 % unyaka nonyaka ukuya kumathani angama-796,000) kanye ne-United States (inyuke ngo-107.1% ngonyaka ukuya kumathani angama-551,000).I-United States yahlala iyizwe lesithathu ngobukhulu emhlabeni ngokuthenga kwamanye amazwe izinto ezilahliwe ngo-2021, kanti ukuthengwa kwamanye amazwe kukhuphuke ngo-17.1% unyaka nonyaka kuya kumathani ayizigidi ezingu-5.262.Ukuthengwa kwempahla evela eCanada kwenyuka ngamaphesenti angu-18.2 unyaka nonyaka kwafinyelela kumathani ayizigidi ezingu-3.757, ukuthengwa kwempahla evela eMexico kwenyuka ngamaphesenti angu-12.9 unyaka nonyaka kuya kumathani angu-562,000 futhi ukungenisa okuvela e-United Kingdom kwenyuka ngamaphesenti angu-92.5 unyaka nonyaka kuya kumathani angu-308,000.Ukungeniswa kwamanye amazwe kwezinsimbi ezilahliwe eNingizimu Korea kukhuphuke ngamaphesenti angu-8.9 unyaka nonyaka kwafinyelela kumathani ayizigidi ezingu-4.789, ukuthengwa kweThailand kwenyuka ngamaphesenti angu-18 unyaka nonyaka kwafinyelela kumathani ayizigidi ezingu-1.653, ukuthengwa kweMalaysia kwenyuka ngamaphesenti angu-9.8 unyaka nonyaka kwafinyelela kumathani ayizigidi ezingu-1.533 kanye nelase-Indonesia. ukungeniswa kwamanye amazwe kwezinsimbi ezilahliwe kwenyuka ngamaphesenti ama-3 unyaka nonyaka kuya kumathani ayizigidi eziyi-1.462.Ukungeniswa kwezinsimbi ezilahliwe eNdiya bekungamathani ayizigidi ezi-5.133, kwehle ngo-4.6% unyaka nonyaka.Ukuthengwa kwempahla ePakistan kwehle ngamaphesenti angu-8.4 unyaka nonyaka kuya kumathani ayizigidi ezingu-4.156.
03 Isimo sokuthunyelwa kwe-Scrap
Ngo-2021, ukuthunyelwa kwamanye amazwe kwezinsimbi ezilahliwe (kuhlanganise nohwebo lwangaphakathi kwe-EU27) kwafinyelela kumathani ayizigidi eziyi-109.6, kwenyuke ngo-9.7% unyaka nonyaka.I-EU27 isalokhu iyisifunda esikhulukazi emhlabeni jikelele sokuthekelisa kwezilahliwe, kanti ukuthunyelwa kwempahla kwamanye amazwe kukhuphuke ngo-11.5% unyaka nonyaka kuya kumathani angu-19.466m ngo-2021. Umthengi omkhulu kwakuyiTurkey, lapho ukuthunyelwa kwamanye amazwe kwakungamathani ayi-13.110m, akhuphuka ngo-11.3% unyaka nonyaka- unyaka.I-BLOC yezizwe ezingama-27 inyuse ukuthunyelwa kwempahla eGibhithe yafinyelela kumathani ayizigidi eziyi-1.817, yakhuphuka ngamaphesenti angama-68.4 unyaka nonyaka, yaya eSwitzerland yakhuphuka ngamaphesenti ayi-16.4 yaya kumaphesenti angama-56.1, kwathi eMoldova yakhuphuka ngamaphesenti angama-37.8 yaya kumathani ayizigidi ezingama-34.6.Kodwa-ke, ukuthunyelwa kwe-Pakistan kwehle ngamaphesenti angu-13.1 unyaka nonyaka kuya kumathani angu-804,000, kuyilapho ukuthunyelwa kwamanye amazwe e-US kwehle ngamaphesenti angu-3.8 unyaka nonyaka kuya kumathani ayizigidi ezingu-60.4 futhi ukuthunyelwa e-India kwehle ngamaphesenti angu-22.4 unyaka nonyaka kuya kumathani angama-535,000.I-EU yamazwe angama-27 ithumele kakhulu eNetherlands ngamathani ayizigidi ezi-4.687, inyuke ngamaphesenti ayi-17 unyaka nonyaka.
Ngo-2021, ukuthunyelwa kwezinsimbi ezilahliwe emazweni angama-27 e-EU kwafinyelela amathani ayizigidi ezingama-29.328, akhuphuka ngo-14.5% unyaka nonyaka.Ngo-2021, ukuthunyelwa kwempahla kwamanye amazwe kwenyuka ngo-6.1% unyaka nonyaka kuya kumathani ayizigidi eziyi-17.906.Ukuthengiswa okuvela e-US kuya eMexico kukhuphuke ngamaphesenti angu-51.4 unyaka nonyaka kuya kumathani ayizigidi ezingu-3.142, kuyilapho ukuthunyelwa kwe-Vietnam kukhuphuke ngamaphesenti angu-44.9 kuya kumathani ayizigidi ezingu-1.435.Kodwa-ke, ukuthunyelwa kwe-Turkey kwehle ngamaphesenti angu-14 unyaka nonyaka kuya kumathani ayizigidi ezingu-3.466, ukuthunyelwa kwe-Malaysia kwehle ngamaphesenti angu-8.2 unyaka nonyaka kuya kumathani ayizigidi ezingu-1.449, ukuthunyelwa kwe-Taiwan yaseChina kwehle ngamaphesenti angu-10.8 unyaka nonyaka kuya kumathani ayizigidi ezingu-1.423 , futhi ukuthunyelwa kwe-Bangladesh kwehle ngamaphesenti angu-0.9 unyaka nonyaka kuya kumathani ayizigidi ezingu-1.356.Ukuthunyelwa kwempahla eCanada kwehle ngamaphesenti angu-7.3 ngonyaka kuya kumathani angu-844,000.Ngo-2021, ukuthunyelwa kwezimpahla ezilahliwe zase-UK kukhuphuke ngamaphesenti angama-21.4 unyaka nonyaka kwafinyelela kumathani ayizigidi eziyi-8.287, iCanada yakhula ngamaphesenti angama-7.8 unyaka nonyaka yafinyelela kumathani ayizigidi ezingama-4.863, i-Australia yakhula ngamaphesenti angama-6.9 unyaka nonyaka yafinyelela kumathani ayizigidi ezingama-2.224, kwathi elaseSingapore kwenyuka ngamaphesenti angama-35.4 unyaka nonyaka kuya kumathani angama-685,000, Nakuba ukuthunyelwa kwezimpahla ezilahliwe zaseJapan kwehle ngamaphesenti angama-22.1 unyaka nonyaka kuya kumathani ayizigidi eziyi-7.301, ukuthunyelwa kwezimpahla ezilahliwe zaseRussia kwehle ngamaphesenti ayi-12.4 unyaka nonyaka kuya kumathani ayizigidi ezi-4.140.

Iningi labathumelisi bezimpahla ezilahliwe emhlabeni jikelele bangabathengisi abakhulu bezimpahla ezilahliwe ngaphandle, kanye nensalela yokuthunyelwa ngaphandle kwamathani ayizigidi eziyi-14.1 ukusuka eu27 kanye namathani ayizigidi eziyi-12.6 asuka e-US ngo-2021.