Muva nje, idatha ekhishwe yi-Vietnam Iron and Steel Association (VSA) ibonisa ukuthi ngo-2022, ukukhiqizwa kwensimbi okuphelile eVietnam kwadlula amathani ayizigidi ezingu-29.3, phansi cishe ngo-12% unyaka nonyaka;Ukuthengiswa kwensimbi okuqediwe kufinyelele kumathani ayizigidi ezingama-27.3, kwehle ngaphezu kuka-7%, lapho ukuthunyelwa kwempahla kwamanye amazwe kwehle ngaphezu kuka-19%;Kuqedwe ukukhiqizwa kwensimbi kanye nomehluko wokuthengisa wamathani ayizigidi ezi-2.
I-Vietnam ingumnotho wesithupha ngobukhulu e-ASEAN.Umnotho waseVietnam ukhule ngokushesha kusukela ngo-2000 kuya ku-2020, ngezinga lokukhula kwe-GDP yonyaka elihlanganisiwe lika-7.37%, likleliswe endaweni yesithathu emazweni ase-ASEAN.Selokhu kwaqalwa ukusebenza kwezinguquko kwezomnotho kanye nokuvulwa ngo-1985, izwe liye lagcina ukukhula okuhle komnotho minyaka yonke, futhi ukusimama komnotho kukuhle uma kuqhathaniswa.
Njengamanje, uhlaka lwezomnotho lwaseVietnam lushintsha ngokushesha.Ngemuva kokuthi uguquko lwezomnotho nokuvulwa luqale ngo-1985, iVietnam kancane kancane yasuka emnothweni ojwayelekile wezolimo yaya emphakathini wezimboni.Kusukela ngo-2000, imboni yezinsizakalo zaseVietnam ikhulile futhi uhlelo lwayo lwezomnotho luye lwaba ngcono kancane kancane.Njengamanje, ezolimo zibalelwa ku-15% wesakhiwo somnotho saseVietnam, imboni ibamba cishe u-34%, kanti umkhakha wezinsizakalo ubamba cishe u-51%.Ngokwezibalo ezikhishwe yi-World Steel Association ngo-2021, ukusetshenziswa kwensimbi eVietnam ngo-2020 kungamathani ayizigidi ezingama-23.33, okukleliswe kuqala phakathi kwamazwe ase-ASEAN, kanti ukusetshenziswa kwayo kwensimbi okubonakalayo kusendaweni yesibili.
I-Vietnam Iron and Steel Association ikholelwa ukuthi ngo-2022, imakethe yensimbi yasekhaya yaseVietnam yehla, intengo yezinto zokukhiqiza insimbi iye yashintshashintsha, futhi amabhizinisi amaningi ensimbi asenkingeni, okungenzeka ukuthi izoqhubeka kuze kube yikota yesibili ka-2023.
Imboni yezokwakha imboni eyinhloko yokusetshenziswa kwensimbi
Ngokwezibalo ezinikezwe i-Vietnam Iron and Steel Association, ngo-2022, imboni yezokwakha izoba imboni eyinhloko yokusetshenziswa kwensimbi eVietnam, ibalwa cishe ngama-89%, ilandelwa yimishini yasendlini (4%), imishini (3%), izimoto (2%), uwoyela negesi (2%).Imboni yezokwakha iyimboni ebaluleke kakhulu yokusebenzisa insimbi eVietnam, ibalwa cishe ngama-90%.
EVietnam, ukuthuthukiswa kwemboni yezokwakha kuhlobene nesiqondiso saso sonke isidingo sensimbi.
Imboni yezokwakha yaseVietnam ibilokhu idlondlobala selokhu kwashintsha umnotho wezwe futhi yavulwa ngo-1985, futhi isithuthuke ngokushesha kakhulu kusukela ngo-2000. Uhulumeni waseVietnam uvule ukutshalwa kwezimali okuqondile kwamanye amazwe ekwakhiweni kwezindlu zokuhlala zendawo kusukela ngo-2015, okuye kwavumela i- imboni yezokwakha yezwe ukuze ingene enkathini “yokukhula okukhulu”.Kusukela ngo-2015 kuya ku-2019, izinga lokukhula kwaminyaka yonke lemboni yezokwakha yaseVietnam lifinyelele ku-9%, elehla ngo-2020 ngenxa yomthelela walolu bhubhane, kodwa lisahleli ku-3.8%.
Ukuthuthukiswa okusheshayo kwemboni yezokwakha yaseVietnam kubonakala ikakhulukazi ezicini ezimbili: izindlu zokuhlala kanye nokwakhiwa komphakathi.Ngo-2021, iVietnam izoba ngama-37% kuphela emadolobheni, ikleliswe phansi phakathi
Amazwe ase-ASEAN.Eminyakeni yamuva nje, izinga lokuya emadolobheni eVietnam liye landa kancane kancane, futhi abantu basemaphandleni sebeqalile ukuthuthela edolobheni, okuye kwaholela ekwandeni kwesidingo sezakhiwo zokuhlala zasemadolobheni.Kungaqashelwa emininingwaneni ekhishwe yi-Vietnam Statistics Bureau ukuthi ngaphezu kuka-80% wezakhiwo ezintsha zokuhlala eVietnam ziyizakhiwo ezingaphansi kwezitezi ezi-4, futhi isidingo sokuhlala emadolobheni esikhulayo sesiphenduke amandla amakhulu emakethe yezokwakha yezwe.
Ngaphezu kwesidingo sokwakhiwa komphakathi, ukugqugquzela okuqinile kukahulumeni waseVietnam ukwakhiwa kwengqalasizinda eminyakeni yamuva nje kusheshise ukuthuthukiswa kwemboni yezokwakha yezwe.Kusukela ngo-2000, iVietnam yakha imigwaqo engaphezu kwamakhilomitha angu-250,000, yavula imigwaqo emikhulu eminingi, izitimela, yakha nezikhumulo zezindiza ezinhlanu, yathuthukisa inethiwekhi yezokuthutha yakuleli.Ukusetshenziswa kwezimali kukahulumeni engqalasizinda sekuphinde kwaba ngesinye sezici ezibalulekile ezithinta isidingo sensimbi saseVietnam.Ngokuzayo, uhulumeni waseVietnam usenezinhlelo eziningi zokwakha ingqalasizinda, okulindeleke ukuthi ziqhubeke nokufaka ubungqabavu embonini yezokwakha yendawo.